Russia e qosoa ka litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa le ho PHETHA baahi

E ntlafalitsoe: 27 Hlakubele 2023 | 11:22 hoseng UTC

Ho Qhala Joale
. . .

Ka la 17 March, 2023, Lekhotla la Machaba la Tlōlo ea Molao (ICC) le ile la ntša mangolo a tumello ea ho tšoaroa ha Mopresidente oa Russia Vladimir Putin le Maria Lvova-Belova, Mokomishinara oa Litokelo Tsa Bana Ofising ea Mopresidente oa ’Muso oa Russia.

ICC e ile ea qosa ka bobeli ka ho etsa tlolo ea molao ea ntoa ea "ho leleka batho ka ntle ho molao (bana)" mme e re ho na le mabaka a utloahalang a ho lumela hore e mong le e mong o na le boikarabello ba botlokotsebe. Litlolo tsa molao tse boletsoeng ka holimo ho thoe li entsoe sebakeng se hapiloeng sa Ukraine ho tloha ka la 24 Hlakubele 2022.

Ha re nahana hore Russia ha e lemohe ICC, ho thata ho nahana hore re tla bona Putin kapa Lvova-Belova a le litlamong. Leha ho le joalo, lekhotla le lumela hore “tlhokomeliso ea sechaba ka mangolo a tumello e ka tlatsetsa ho thibeleng ho tsoela pele ha litlōlo tsa molao.”

BUCHA, Ukraine Kamora hore mabotho a Russia a tsoe motseng oa Bucha, ho ile ha hlaha litšoantšo tse bontšang literateng tse tletseng litopo.

Ba boholong Ukraine ba bolela hore baahi ba bang ba ne ba tlamiloe matsoho ka morao 'me ba ile ba thunngoa ka mor'a hlooho. Masole a Ukraine a boetse a tlaleha hore litopo tse ling li bontšitse matšoao a tlhokofatso.

Ramotse oa Bucha o re baahi ba fetang 300 ba bolailoe ntle le ho qholotsoa. Reuters e tlaleha hore ho fumanoe lebitla la batho ba bangata mabaleng a kereke e haufi.

Russia e latotse masole a eona a bolaile baahi e re linepe tse lokollotsoeng ke mmuso oa Ukraine li ne li qholotsa boemo bona.

Ha litopo tsa masole a Russia li khutlela hae, Marussia a mangata a bontšitse khalefo ea ’ona ea ho qosoa ka litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa. BBC e tlaleha hore motho e mong oa Russia eo ho buisanoeng le eena o itse, "Ha ke lumele mashano ana ... nke ke ka ba kholoa."

Sechaba sa machaba se kopile hore ho etsoe lipatlisiso ka litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa tsa Russia.

Latela litaba tsa rona tse felletseng le tlhahlobo ea selemo se fetileng…

Liketsahalo tsa Bohlokoa:

La 24 Hlakubele 2023 | 11:00 hoseng UTC - Afrika Boroa e nka keletso ea molao mabapi le ho tšoara Putin ha a e-ea kopanong ea BRICS ka Phato.

La 20 Hlakubele 2023 | 12:30 pm UTC - Sehlopha se phahameng sa lipatlisiso sa Russia se bula nyeoe khahlanong le Lekhotla la Machaba la Botlokotsebe, le re le qosa motho ea se nang molato ka boomo.

La 17 Hlakubele 2023 | 03:00 pm UTC - Lekhotla la Machaba la Botlokotsebe (ICC) le fane ka mangolo a tumello ea ho tšoaroa ha Mopresidente oa Russia Vladimir Putin le Maria Lvova-Belova, Mokomishinara oa Litokelo tsa Bana Ofising ea Mopresidente oa Federation ea Russia. ICC e ile ea qosa ka bobeli ka ho etsa tlolo ea molao ea ntoa ea "ho leleka baahi (bana) ntle le molao."

08 Tšitoe 2022 | 03:30 pm UTC - Putin o ikana ho tsoela pele ka litlhaselo ho marang-rang a matla a Ukraine, a re ke karabelo e nepahetseng ho "ketso ea polao" e entsoeng ke Ukraine ha ba ne ba thibela phepelo ea metsi ho Donetsk.

La 10 Mphalane 2022 | 02:30 pm UTC - Ka mor'a tlhaselo ea borokho ba Russia-Crimea, Moscow e qala ho otla khahlanong le marang-rang a matla a Ukraine, a siea ba limilione ba se na motlakase.

04 Mphalane 2022 | 04:00 hoseng UTC - Litopo tsa baahi ba Ukraine li ntse li tsoela pele ho fumanoa sebakeng sa Kharkiv se hapiloeng hape. Haufinyane tjena, Human Rights Watch e tlaleha litopo tse tharo tse fumanoeng morung tse bontšang matšoao a ka 'nang a hlokofatsoa.

La 15 Phato 2022 | 12:00 hoseng UTC - Machaba a Kopaneng a phatlalalitse palo ea mahlatsipa a baahi a tlalehiloeng Ukraine ho tloha ha ntoa e qala. Linomoro tse tlalehiloeng li bolaile ba 5,514 mme ba 7,698 ba tsoa likotsi.

04 Phato 2022 | 10:00 pm UTC - Amnesty International e otlile mabotho a Ukraine ka ho beha baahi ba eona kotsing ka ho sebelisa litsamaiso tsa sesole libakeng tsa bolulo. Tlaleho e itse, “maqiti a joalo a tlōla molao oa machaba oa liphallelo” ka ho fetola baahi hore e be liphofu tsa sesole. Leha ho le joalo, ba ile ba hlokomela hore ha e lokafatse litlhaselo tsa Russia.

La 08 Phuptjane 2022 | 3:55 hoseng UTC - Ukraine e ile ea qala "Buka ea Baphethahatsi" ho ngola litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa tse entsoeng ke masole a Russia. Mopresidente Volodymyr Zelensky o phatlalalitse buka ena ho etsa hore mabotho a Russia a ikarabelle le ho fumana toka bakeng sa bahlaseluoa ba Ukraine ba tlhaselo eo. Ho feta moo, buka ena e tla sebelisoa ho thathamisa bopaki ba litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa.

La 31 Motšeanong 2022 | 4:51 pm UTC - Lekhotla la Ukraine le koalla masole a mabeli a Russia a hapiloeng lilemo tse 11 le halofo bakeng sa litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa tse amanang le ho thunya ha libomo toropong e ka bochabela ea Ukraine.

La 17 Motšeanong 2022 | 12:14 pm UTC - Ba boholong Ukraine ba tsebahatsa lesole le lecha la Russia, le lilemo li 21, leo ho thoeng le betile ngoanana e monyane le ba bang ba bararo ka mor'a ho koalla lelapa la hae kamoreng e ka tlaase.

La 06 Motšeanong 2022 | 11:43 hoseng UTC - Amnesty International e kenella ka tlaleho e tlalehang litlolo tsa molao tse 'maloa tse entsoeng ke masole a Putin. Nyeoe e 'ngoe e ile ea qaqisa monna ea bolailoeng ka kichineng ea hae ke masole a Russia ha mosali oa hae le bana ba ipatile kamoreng e ka tlaase.

La 29 Mmesa 2022 | 10:07 hoseng UTC - Mongoli oa Litaba tsa Kantle ho UK Liz Truss o phatlalatsa hore United Kingdom e rometse litsebi tsa litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa Ukraine ho ea thusa ka lipatlisiso.

La 28 Mmesa 2022 | 3:19 thapama UTC - Ukraine e lokolitse litšoantšo tsa masole a leshome a Russia a batloang bakeng sa litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa Bucha. ’Muso oa Ukraine o ile oa ba hlalosa e le “ba leshome ba nyatsehang.” Ho thoe ke karolo ea sehlopha sa 64 se hlomphuoang ke Vladimir Putin.

La 22 Mmesa 2022 | 1:30 thapama UTC - Ho ea ka liofisiri tsa Ukraine, litšoantšo tsa sathelaete tsa sebaka se haufi le Mariupol li bonahala li bontša mabitla a mangata a mangata. Lekhotla la toropo ea Mariupol le hakanya hore mabitla a ka ipatela litopo tse ka bang 9,000 tsa baahi. Leha ho le joalo, litšoantšo tsa satellite ha lia netefatsoa e le mabitla a baahi.

La 18 Mmesa 2022 | 1:20 hoseng UTC - Isiraele e nyatsitse liketso tsa Russia, e li bitsa "litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa." Russia e ile ea arabela ka ho re "e ne e le boiteko bo bobe ba ho sebelisa boemo ba Ukraine hampe ho khelosa tlhokomelo ea machaba" ho tloha khohlanong ea Iseraele le Palestina 'me e bitsitse moemeli oa Iseraele Russia ho tla hlakisa maemo a Iseraele.

La 13 Mmesa 2022 | 7:00 thapama UTC - Ofisi ea Mokhatlo oa Tšireletso le Tšebelisano Europe (OSCE) bakeng sa Mekhatlo ea Demokrasi le Litokelo tsa Botho e lokolitse tlaleho ea pele e bontšang hore Russia e entse litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa Ukraine. Tlaleho eo e ile ea bolela hore “ho ke ke ha etsahala hore ebe baahi ba bangata hakaalo ba ka be ba bolailoe” hoja Russia e ne e ile ea hlompha litokelo tsa botho.

La 11 Mmesa 2022 | 4:00 thapama UTC - Fora e romela litsebi tsa forensic ho Ukraine ho ea bokella bopaki ba litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa tsa Russia. Sehlopha se khethehileng sa mapolesa a Fora se kenyelletsa lingaka tse peli tsa forensic.

La 08 Mmesa 2022 | 7:30 hoseng UTC - Russia e 'nile ea qosoa ka litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa ka mor'a hore misaele e hlasele seteisheneng sa terene sa Ukraine se Kramatorsk, e bolaileng bonyane batho ba 50. Seteishene sena e ne e le sebaka sa bohlokoa sa ho ntšoa ha basali le bana. Russia e hana ka ho hlaka hore e shebisitse baahi.

La 04 Mmesa 2022 | 3:49 thapama UTC - Ukraine e qala lipatlisiso tsa litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa mabapi le ho bolaoa ha baahi. Ba boholong Ukraine ba re litopo tsa baahi ba 410 li fumanoe ho potoloha Kyiv. Russia e re linepe le livideo ke "ts'ebetso e hlophisitsoeng."

La 03 Mmesa 2022 | 6:00 hoseng UTC - Human Rights Watch e tlalehile ka "litlōlo tsa molao tse bonahalang tsa ntoa libakeng tse laoloang ke Russia", tse shebaneng le motse oa Bucha. Tlaleho e re masole a Russia a bolaile baahi ba Ukraine.

La 02 Mmesa 2022 | 7:08 hoseng UTC - Mabotho a Russia a tloha libakeng tse haufi le Kyiv ha mabotho a Ukraine a phatlalatsa "tokoloho." Mopresidente Zelensky o re Marussia ke matlo a ts'oarellang ha ba tloha.

Lintlha tsa bohlokoa:

Litlhaselo tsa marang-rang a matla a Ukraine li 'nile tsa nyatsuoa ke baetapele ba bangata e le litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa, le hoja molao oa machaba o lumella litlhaselo tse joalo haeba timetso ea sepheo "e fana ka monyetla o tiileng oa sesole."
Mabotho a Russia a tloha sebakeng sa Kyiv ho ea shebana le ts'ebetso e ka bochabela le boroa ho Ukraine.
Litšoantšo li ne li bontša literata tse tletseng litanka tsa Russia tse cheleng le litopo.
Sky News ho thoe e netefalitse livideo tse peli tse bonts'ang litopo literateng tsa Bucha.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho phatlalalitsoe litšoantšo tsa masole a Ukraine a hlekefetsang batšoaruoa ba ntoa ba Russia, a fana ka maikutlo a tlōlo ea Tumellano ea Geneva.
Russia e hana litlolo tsa molao tsohle tsa ntoa, e re bahlabani ba naha ea Ukraine ba bolaea baahi. Russia e boetse e re linepe le livideo tse ngata tse potolohang ha li nnete ebile li sebelisa batšoantšisi.
Vladimir Putin o fane ka tlotla ho sehlopha sa sesole se neng se le teng Bucha bakeng sa "bohale ba bongata le sebete, ho tiea le sebete." Leha ho le joalo, Ukraine e bitsitse brigade e tšoanang e le "litlokotsebe tsa ntoa."
Ho tloha ka August, ho tlalehiloe likotsi tsa baahi ba 13,212 5,514 Ukraine: ba 7,698 1,451 ba shoele ’me ba 356 XNUMX ba tsoa likotsi. Ho baahi ba bolailoeng, ho bile le basali ba XNUMX le bana ba XNUMX, ho latela Machaba a Kopaneng.

Litšoantšo tse tsoang Ukraine

Phepelo ea litšoantšo tse phelang

Motsu oa setšoantšo sa ho qetela — **Litšoantšo tse tsoang Ukraine tse bontšang liphello tsa tlhaselo le litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa tsa Russia.**
*Source: https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/04/09/12/41456780-9452479-Biden_seen_in_a_photo_which_was_found_on_his_laptop_joked_on_Thu-a-10_1617967582310.jpg*

Litšoantšo tsa ntoa ea Ukraine — **Litšoantšo tse tsoang Ukraine tse bontšang liphello tsa tlhaselo le litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa tsa Russia.**
*Source: https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2021/04/09/12/41456780-9452479-Biden_seen_in_a_photo_which_was_found_on_his_laptop_joked_on_Thu-a-10_1617967582310.jpg*

Liphuputso tsa bohlokoa

Amnesty International e tlaleha hore ka mor’a lipatlisiso tse batsi, e fumane bopaki ba hore mabotho a Russia a ile a sebelisa ka makhetlo lihlomo tse thibetsoeng le liqhomane tse qhalakaneng ho hlasela motse oa Ukraine oa Kharkiv.

Russia ha se karolo ea Tumellano ea Libomo tsa Lihlopha, empa tlhaselo efe kapa efe e sa khetholleng e lematsang kapa e bolaeang baahi e nkuoa e le tlolo ea molao ea ntoa. Seqhomane sa cluster munition ke sebetsa se phatlohang se hasang libomo tse nyenyane tse qhomang sebakeng se seholo, se bolaeang masole le baahi ntle ho khethollo. Libetsa tse ling tse ngata li ka hasanya liqhomane tsa fatše sebakeng se pharaletseng, tsa beha baahi kotsing nako e telele ka mor'a ntoa.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Amnesty e fumane hore mabotho a Ukraine a tlōtse molao oa botho ka ho beha lithunya haufi le mehaho ea sechaba, e ileng ea hohela mollo oa Russia. Leha ho le joalo, Amnesty e ile ea hlokomela hore sena “ho hang ha se lokafatse ho thunya ho sa khaotseng ha libomo motseng oo ke mabotho a Russia.”

Lipatlisiso tse ling li ile tsa senola tlōlo ea molao e eketsehileng ke mabotho a Ukraine. Tlaleho e phatlalalitsoeng ka la 4 Phato 2022 e boletse hore Ukraine e sebelisa libetsa libakeng tsa bolulo tse ileng tsa fetola baahi hore e be liphofu tsa sesole. Tlaleho eo e ile ea baka khalefo ha hlooho ea lekala la Amnesty International la Ukraine, Oksana Pokalchuk, a tlohela mokhatlo a re tlaleho e sebelisitsoe e le "mashano a Russia."

'Muelli oa molao oa litokelo tsa botho ea ikarabellang bakeng sa ho bokella bopaki Ukraine o bolela hore mabotho a Russia a na le "tumello e khutsitseng" ea ho beta baahi e le sebetsa. Ba boletse hore masole ha a bolelloe ka ho hlaka hore a bete basali le banana, empa ha ba etse joalo, ha ba khalemeloe. Basali ba bangata ba fane ka bopaki ba ho hlekefetsoa ka thobalano ke masole a Russia.

Hlooho ea Litokelo tsa Botho ea Machaba a Kopaneng (UN) e re hona joale ho na le bopaki bo ntseng bo eketseha ba hore Russia e entse litlōlo tsa molao tsa ntoa Ukraine. Liofisiri tsa Litokelo tsa Botho tsa UN li tlaleha polao e seng molaong ea baahi ba ka bang 50, ba bang ka polao e khuts'oane, nakong ea thomo ea bona ea ho ea Bucha ka la 9 Mmesa, 2022.

Machaba a Kopaneng a phatlalalitse litaba tsa ona tsa likotsi tsa baahi ka la 15 Phato 2022. Ho tloha ka la 24 Hlakola 2022, lipalo tse latelang li tlalehiloe Ukraine:

Baahi ba 5,514 ba bolailoe.
Baahi ba 7,698 ba lemetse.
Basali ba 1,451 ba bolailoe.
Bana ba 356 ba bolailoe.
Basali ba 1,149 ba lemetse.
Bana ba 595 ba lemetse.

Ho etsahala'ng ka mor'a moo?

Ho lokile ho bolela hore litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa li entsoe, empa na ho na le motho ea tla bona toka?

Ha ho na monyetla oa hore re bone Putin kapa balaoli ba hae ba qosoa ka litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa. Hangata litlōlo tsa molao tse joalo li ne li tla qosoa ke Lekhotla la Machaba la Botlokotsebe (ICC); Leha ho le joalo, Russia ha e saena ebile ha e ananele lekhotla. Kahoo, haeba ICC e ka fana ka lengolo la ho tšoaroa ha Putin, e ne e ke ke ea e-ba taba hobane Russia e ne e ke ke ea lumella liofisiri tsa ICC ho kena ka har'a naha.

Ebile, United States ha e ananele matla a ICC. Mohlala, nakong ea bopresidente ba Trump, ICC e ile ea bula lipatlisiso mabapi le litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa tseo ho thoeng li entsoe ke basebetsi ba US naheng ea Afghanistan. US e ile ea arabela ka ho beha likotlo le ho hana li-visa tsa liofisiri tsa ICC, ea sitisa lipatlisiso ka ho thibela ho kena ha mochochisi leha e le ofe. Mopresidente Trump o itse ka taelo ea tsamaiso hore liketso tsa ICC "li tšosa ho hatakela bobusi ba United States" le hore ICC "e tlameha ho hlompha liqeto tsa United States le linaha tse ling hore li se ke tsa beha basebetsi ba tsona tlas'a taolo ea ICC. .”

Ka lebaka leo, ho thata ho lumela hore re tla ke re bone ho qosoa ha Putin kapa leha e le ofe oa selikalikoe sa hae sa ka hare. Ehlile, lengolo la tumello ea ho tšoaroa le ka etsoa haeba Putin a ka tsamaea ka ntle ho Russia ho ea naheng e amohelang ICC, empa mopresidente oa Russia e ne e tla ba booatla ho ipeha kotsing e joalo.

Ha e le hantle re tla bona ho qosoa ha masole a boemo bo tlaase a hapuoeng fatše Ukraine. Nyeoe ea pele ea linyeoe tse joalo tsa botlokotsebe tsa ntoa e qalile ka Mots'eanong, ha lesole la pele la Russia le ahloleloa bophelo bohle teronkong ka lebaka la ho thunya moahi ea lilemo li 62 oa Ukraine - re tla bona palo e ntseng e eketseha ea linyeoe tse tšoanang likhoeling tse tlang tse tsoang mmusong oa Ukraine.

Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, lehlakore la Russia le tla latela liqoso tsa lona tsa seo le se nkang e le litlolo tsa molao tsa ntoa. Moscow e ile ea romela molaetsa o hlakileng ha bahlabani ba babeli ba Brithani ba ileng ba ea Ukraine ka boithatelo ba ne ba ahloleloa lefu.

Liphuputso li bontša hore masole a Russia a phunyeletse Ukraine ka ho hlokomoloha bophelo ba motho ka ho feletseng. Bopaki bo bontša hore litlōlo tsa molao tse tšabehang tsa ntoa li ’nile tsa etsoa khahlanong le baahi ba se nang libetsa, ho akarelletsa le basali le bana.

Sehlotšoana se senyenyane sa masole a hapiloeng se ka 'na sa tobana le toka, empa ba khutlelang Russia ba ke ke ba tobana le liphello, ho e-na le hoo ba tla rorisoa e le bahale ba ntoa.

'Nete ke hore:

E sirelelitsoe ke meeli ea Russia, sesole sa eona se seholo, le lihlomo tsa nyutlelie, Putin le balaoli ba hae ba ke ke ba lahleheloa ke boroko ka lebaka la lipatlisiso tsa botlokotsebe ba ntoa.

TŠEBETSO TIISETSO (References):

https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/04/03/ukraine-apparent-war-crimes-russia-controlled-areas/ [Ka ho toba mohloling]

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-61073897/ [Ka ho toba mohloling]

https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/f/a/515868.pdf [Tlaleho ea semmuso]

https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1116692/ [Ka ho toba mohloling]

https://twitter.com/amnesty/status/1522542513491435521 [Ka ho toba mohloling]

https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2022/06/anyone-can-die-at-any-time-kharkiv/ [Tlaleho ea semmuso]

https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/06/15/2020-12953/blocking-property-of-certain-persons-associated-with-the-international-criminal-court/ [Taelo ya phethahatso]

https://www.ohchr.org/en/news/2022/08/ukraine-civilian-casualty-update-15-august-2022 [Lipalopalo tsa semmuso]

https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/api-1977/article-52 [Molao oa semmuso]